Did not know about the taper threaded but there were plenty of straight threaded Monarchs in such as in the teens and twenties. Maybe I can find that scan. Of course these came in numerous sizes depending on size of lathe. Here is a scan from long ago
And here is a threaded spindle
You could get either in the - say - mid thirties. You get the chuck off by removing the bolts screwed into the flange - and some may have hex nuts on the the back of the flange - and just plain holes in flange. Old Monarch print was for my CM 22 years ago - which had the fanged nose and plain...
I'd guess that is part of a TA back there, meaning there is more "backlash creators" than just the nut.
What does the back end of the screw look like?
Pub might be helpful
http://vintagemachinery.org/pubs/2102/24364.pdf
Its a very nice ring oiled design - if one pays attention to keeping the ring oiled business in clean condition both in the spindle parts and "oiling parts", use only good lube such as Mobile DTE Light ISO 32 or lighter "turbine" grade machine tool lube (that resides in the wells for the rings)...
"manual" from the old days
http://pounceatron.dreamhosters.com/docs/hendey/1920-Hendey-manual.pdf
Hendey speeds
https://www.practicalmachinist.com/vb/antique-machinery-and-history/hendey-cone-head-spindle-speeds-191988/?highlight=speeds
Spindle parts
Parts List
Here is what my catalog page says - like it was important
"The design of this lathe embodies an entirely new principle of control. The stationary plate carries permanent contact points connected to all motor wires. The sliding plate carries spring-loaded contact points connected to control...
Bought a new one about then from Rex Supply here in Houston. They could have funny unannounced differences - like mine had no chrome knee ways like the above example. Old man Charlie Elder of Boring Specialties ended up with it. My cost was less than $6K delivered then
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